COIR FIBERS IN AGRICULTURAL TEXTILE

COIR FIBERS IN AGRICULTURAL TEXTILE AND ECO-DEVELOPMENT

INTRODUCTION

Coir is fibrous material forming a part of soft mass encompassing the coconut. (the fruit of the tree ‘cocos-nuciferia’). it’s renewable and 100 percent organic fiber. The palm is basically a plant of tropics and it thrives inside two hundred of the equator.  Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand and neighboring islands, India, Srilanka, pacific territories, east and West Africaa|geographic area|geographical region|geographic region} and therefore the the Indies are the necessary coconut manufacturing countries within the world.

India and Srilanka account the foremost contributions out of the on top of. Coconuts ar typically harvested at the top of each forty five days all throughout the year.

COIR FIBRE EXTRACTION PROCESS 

The effectiveness of the wet processes like bleaching and colouring of fibre, ar powerfully enthusiastic about the procedures accustomed extract fibres from the husks and therefore the pretreatment given the fibres. each state-of-the art and normally used technologies for fibre extraction ar delineate below.

Traditional fibre extraction

The traditional production of fibres from the husks could be a backbreaking and long method. this is often extremely polluting of surface waters and ends up in the buildup of enormous dumps of pith. when manual separation of the nut from the husk, the husks ar processed by varied retting techniques, and customarily in ponds of salt waters (for 3 to 6 months) or in salt backwaters or lagoons. this needs 10-12 months of anaerobic (bacterial) fermentation. By retting the fibres they’re softened and may be decorticated and extracted by beating, that is typically done by hand. when hackling, laundry and drying (in the shade) the fibres ar unsnarled manually and clean.

The fibre so obtained is of highest quality and may be used for spinning and weaving functions. Retted fibres from inexperienced husks ar most fitted fibres for colouring and bleaching. For the assembly of additional coarse brown yarns, shorter periods of retting could also be applied. Yarn so obtained is used extensively in geotextile.

Figure: girls extracting fibre fibres by hands

Mechanical Fibre Extraction

Alternatively, mechanical method is applied by victimization either defibering or decorticating instrumentation to method the husks that need solely 5 days of immersion in water tanks. Crushing the husk in a very breaker opens the fibres. By victimization revolving “drums” the coarse long fibres ar separated from the short woody components and therefore the pith. The stronger fibres ar washed, cleaned, dried, hackled and combed. the standard of the fibre is greatly plagued by these procedures.

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• Figure: Machine used for extracting fibre fibres
• Physical Properties
• Coir could be a versatile arduous fibre obtained from the husks of coconut. The fibre fibre is one among the toughest natural fibres as a result of its high content of lignin;
• Coir is way additional advantageous in numerous application for erosion management, reinforcement and stabilization of soil and is most popular to the other natural fibres.
• The fibre is hygrometer, with wet content of 100 percent to 12-tone system at sixty fifth wetness and twenty second to fifty fifth at ninety fifth ratio Of all natural fibers fibre processes the best tearing strength, preserved intrinsically even in terribly wet conditions.
• Chemical Properties
• Morphologically, fibre could be a multi cellular fibre with twelve to twenty four microns in diameter and therefore the magnitude relation of length to thickness is discovered to be thirty five.
• Cells of the fibre surface ar sometimes lined with the silicised stigmata.
• The chemical constituents have found to be polyose, lignin, hemi polyose and cellulose.
• The percentage of the ingredients within the fibre is essentially ruled by the age of the nut from that it’s derived.
• CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONOF COIRS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COIRS

CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONOF COIRS		PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COIRS
LIGNIN	45.84%	Length in inches	6-8
Cellulose	43.44%	Density (g/cc)	1.40
Hemi-Cellulose	00.25%	Tenacity (g/Tex)	10.0
Pectin’s and related Compound	03.00%	Breaking elongation%	30%
Water soluble	05.25%	Diameter in mm	0.1 to 1.5
Ash	02.22%	Rigidity of Modulus  dyne/cm2	1.8924

• USE OF fibre IN AGRICULTURAL TEXTILES 
• Coir having the robust characteristics of retention of wet is most popular for the agricultural applications.
• It is naturally proof against rot, moulds and wet.
• To suit the precise applications the fibre fibre is used as so or by creating an  appropriate product, that adapts the precise wants.
• Coir is regenerate to fibre yarn then to woven mesh matting, that is employed in the main dominant wearing and acquisition the soil.Cellulose and polymer ar the foremost constituents and better polymer content makes the fibre stiffer and more durable.EROSION CONTROL BLANKETS FOR CONTROLLING SLOPE EROSIONS
• The natural fibre material has a awfully sensible application in erosion management blankets for landscaping.
• The mesh of woven fibre matting acts as miniature dams and stop the seeds or seedlings that accustomed be washed away by rain and wind and facilitating the expansion .
• The netting breaks up flee from significant rains and dissipates the energy of flowing water.
• Once the expansion of vegetation is occurred the perform of the fibre is over and therefore the vegetation can takeover the protection of soil additional.
• Coir conjointly promotes the expansion of latest vegetations by fascinating water and preventing the soil from drying out.
• Non-woven erosion blanket protects the soil from effective erosion and making microclimates and mulching action.
• The blankets are going to be a lot of fitted to dry lands and low fertile soil.
• The applications are road embankments; rail embankments, watercourse embankments and hill slide slopes.

MULCH BLANKETS

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• Coir thanks to its property will retain wet for extended amount.
• The fibre non-woven or closely woven matting acts as a filter permitting the water to flow across its plane likewise as setup.
• The mulch mats can suppress the weeds and retain wet within the soil, which can shield the roots from winter frost and summer hot sun.
   

BASKET LINERS

• Coir basket liners ar used for hanging baskets.
• These fibre pads facilitate higher aeration of the growing media.
• As air will flow on additional simply through the pores of fibre pad, it’ll facilitate the roots to grow quicker and additional smartly.
• Coir non-woven felt cut in numerous shapes relying upon the dimensions of the wire basket ar used as basket liners.

GROW STICKS

• Grow sticks ar used as natural supports for plants and creepers.
• They encompass picket pole wrapped with the layer of coir-fibre or non-woven felt.
• The roots of the plant will simply penetrate on the pores of fibre pad.
• Grow stick ar on the market in normal sizes or per client necessities.

COCO LOGS

• Coco logs ar used on stream, river, and lake banks to shield against scour.
• It consists of fibre fiber or fibre non -woven pads within the variety of rolls and lined with fibre nets.
• Coco logs ar unbroken at the sting of the bank secured by picket pegs is also used on alternate sides of logs.
• Coco logs work as a brake on waves and reduces the impact of abrasion.
• The natural product combination can support the event of plant by roots binding take over the protection.
• Coco logs ar on the market in normal sizes or per client necessities.
• COIR FOR ECO-DEVELOPEMENTWhat Is Eco-Development?There is a growing awareness of the urgency of developing new standards for industrial and concrete development, to realize Associate in Nursing ecologically sound, actually property world for humanity.COIR-ALTERNATIVE FOR CONVENTIONAL WOOD
• The efforts of the fibre Board of Asian country were sure-fire in developing a fibre composite which will substitute wood, plyboard and MDF boards.
• The composites ar created out of a mix of 2 or additional materials to realize superior properties than that of its parts.
• Here fibre fiber and phenolic resin resoles ar wont to build the ply of any desired density. supported the density the ply will replace plastic boards, MDF boards, or onerous board created out of wood.
• The fibre ply is strengthened with plantation wood like rubber wood veneer, for higher properties while not destroying natural forests. 
• ECO-FRIENDLY PRODUCTSWeed  Mats :- Wide range of Weeds Mats using fibre and rubber is factory-made. this can be a eco friendly product that is often employed by farmers for flower and farming applications.Coir pots:-
  
  Wide range of fibre Pots victimisation fibre and rubber is factory-made. this can be a eco friendly product that is often employed by farmers for flower and farming applicationsMini Greenhouse slabs:-
  
  Slabs and mats for home base mini greenhouses are factory-made. These slabs is tailored as per client necessities.

 

What area unit the benefits of coir?
There area unit variety of reasons why palm vegetable matter is turning into the medium of alternative for several farming setups. several currently favor it over its main competition, peat, and after you take a glance at the perks it’s quite straightforward to ascertain why this may well be therefore. Let’s take a glance at the first benefits of this rising-star of mediums.

Increased Water capability
Cocopeat will increase the water holding capability of your potting combine, at an equivalent time that it conjointly will increase the consistence of your soil. this suggests there’s very little worry of over or underwatering your plant. Being hydrophilic , it’s conjointly quite straightforward to rewet, fascinating water quickly.

Very Little Is needed
A little palm vegetable matter goes an extended, long way. palm vegetable matter has three variables that afford this, those being a high ion level, glorious water absorption, and therefore the high consistence. this suggests that you just don’t got to add massive amounts of it to learn the standard of your combine.

Trichoderma

Coco vegetable matter helps to push the expansion of fine bacterium and fungi because of the natural Trichoderma that it contains.

It’s Compact and simply formed
Coco vegetable matter could also be compressed quite simply to 1/5 or maybe a bit but its original volume, that makes it quite straightforward to move or to store. Further, you’ll cash in of this by pressing your Coro vegetable matter into fascinating shapes as-needed.

Superior Nutrient Absorption
Another reason for palm Peat’s quality is that the high ion exchange issue that comes with it being associate organic medium. this suggests that nutrients area unit essentially free or absorbed as-needed and this is often a certain perk.

Renewability
Coco vegetable matter may be a by-product of coconut gathering and before it’s properties were famed, it absolutely was merely faraway from the husks and discarded as waste. because it may be a natural a part of procuring coconuts, it’s a resource that’s quite accessible and utterly renewable.

 

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